丙烯环氧化制环氧丙烷Fe-Al-P-O催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法制得了Fe-Al-P-O催化剂，采用IR、XRD、TEM、BET、TPR和微反等技术研究了催化剂的物化性质和反应性能。实验结果表明，Fe1/2-Al1/2-PO4由10 nm左右 FePO4和AlPO4微晶组合而成，其晶格氧的活泼性大于单纯FePO4，AlPO4在Fe1/2-Al1/2-PO4中起到分散FePO4微晶的作用；Fe1/2-Al1/2-PO4的反应性能与原料气组成密切相关，丙烯与O2的选择氧化产物主要是丙烯醛，原料气中加入H2后，反应产物以环氧丙烷为主，同时还有部分丙烯醛，原料气中引入水蒸气后，可进一步增加环氧丙烷的选择性及减少丙烯醛的产率；在0.1 MPa、200 ℃、C3H6/O2/H2/H2O/N2=1∶1∶1∶1∶6（mol比）和空速1 200 h－1条件下，丙烯的转化率为8.9％，环氧丙烷的选择性为81.0％。     

Coupling Cloud Point Extraction to Instrumental Detection Systems for Metal Analysis

The purpose of this article is to review and evaluate cloud point extraction of metals and its coupling to different contemporary instrumental methods of analysis. This review covers a selection of the literature published on this topic over the period mainly between 1997 and September 2005 (consisting of 50 publications). The current state of the art for CPE concerning metals and metal chelates is presented with special emphasis on the hyphenation of this interesting extraction/preconcentration approach mediated by surfactants to spectrophotometry, atomic spectroscopy and separation techniques. We present contemporary CPE developments concerning metal speciation and determination and their application to different environmental, clinical, geological and food samples. Strategies for method development as well as future perspectives are also covered.     

相转移催化法合成糖苷化合物

糖苷化合物广泛存在于生物体内，中草药和天然药物中的许多抗病活性化合物也是糖苷化合物。根据糖苷化合物分子结构中的配糖体与糖环碳原子相连的原子类型可把糖苷化合物分为氧苷、氮苷、硫苷和碳苷等。未作特殊说明的糖苷化合物均指氧苷，且配糖体为羧酸的糖苷化合物亦称为糖酯。有关糖苷（酯）化合物和其合成方法的研究很多，其中应用相转移催化法较为常见。我们曾用相转移催化法合成过许多糖酯化合物并对其生理活性进行研究报道。本文在原合成糖酯的基础上通过相转移催化法，选用不同于文献报道催化剂及溶剂体系，     

Quantum scattering LCAC-SW theory studies on reaction probabilities of three-dimensional H + H2 (v, j) → H2 (v′, j′) + H reaction

Upon the Liu, Siegbahn, Truhlar, Horowitz (LSTH) potential energy surface, the reaction probabilities of the three-dimensional (3-D) state-to-state H + H₂ (v, j) →H ₂(v′, j′) + H reaction are calculated with the linear combination of arrangement channels-scattering wavefunction (LCAC-SW) method. In the calculation, the vibration function of H₂ and the radial propagating wave functions are expanded by the real Gauss functions. The calculated threshold energy and the resonating structure are consistent with the results of the accurate quantum scattering calculations, which shows the accuration, simplicity and practicability of the LCAC-SW method. Project supported by the National Natural Science Fondation of China and the Doctoral Foundation of the State Education Commission of China.     

壳聚糖的基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱分析

利用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)分析甲壳素脱乙酰化降解产物——壳聚糖,对基质、制样方法等影响MALDI-TOF-MS测定结果的因素进行了研究。实验发现,以2,5-二羟基苯甲酸(DHB)为基质,二次结晶法制样分析壳聚糖,既获得了壳聚糖的分子量信息,又可以推断壳聚糖的脱乙酰度,对壳聚糖的制备及其质量与性能控制有着十分重要的指导意义。     

均三氮苯类除草剂结构与活性的理论研究

利用Gaussian03程序包中的B3LYP方法,选择6-31G基组对均三氮苯类除草剂及类似衍生物2-(4-溴苄氨基)-4-甲基-6-三氟甲基-1,3,5-三氮苯进行了量子化学计算,从理论上讨论了它们的空间结构、电子结构特征与活性的关系.计算结果表明:三氮苯环与N(7)和N(8)原子形成了共轭结构,分子活性大小与LUMO轨道的得电子能力以及在LUMO轨道中占主要成分的原子有重要关系.N(7)和N(8)连接单个具有推电子能力的基团,有利于生物活性的提高.对于2-(4-溴苄氨基)-4-甲基-6-三氟甲基-1,3,5-三氮苯中,N(8)和C(9)是重要的活性部位,和传统的均三氮苯类除草剂分子相比,与D1蛋白上不同的氨基酸残基发生了键合作用.     

Effect of combining rules for cubic equations of state on the prediction of double retrograde vaporization

In this work, the phenomenon of double retrograde vaporization (DRV) is simulated using the Peng–Robinson equation of state with the classical mixing rules and several combining rules for the cross-energy and cross-co-volume parameters. The binary interaction parameters are set equal to zero in all cases, i.e., the calculations are entirely predictive. An interesting conclusion is that the predictions using the classical combining rules (geometric mean rule for a_ij and arithmetic mean rule for b_ij) provide the best agreement with the experimental data for all the systems tested: methane + n-butane, methane + n-pentane, ethane + limonene, and ethane + linalool. Another interesting observation is that several combining rules for b_ij, other than the arithmetic mean rule, predict the existence of three phases in equilibrium in a very narrow temperature range close to the critical temperature of methane in the methane + n-pentane system, even though, literature data indicates that n-hexane is the first n-alkane to present partial liquid phase immiscibility with methane.     

Rapid Synthesis of Nanocrystalline TiO2/SnO2 Binary Oxides and Their Photoinduced Decomposition of Methyl Orange

A rapid and simple method, the so-called stearic acid method (SAM) was developed to prepare nanostructured TiO₂/SnO₂ binary oxides by combustion of stearic acid precursors. The preparative process was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). During the preparative process, metal precursors were dispersed in stearic acid at molecular level. Microstructure of the samples was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET specific surface area measurement and the results were compared with those obtained by conventional sol-gel method. The photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange was used as a model system to determine the relative influences of the preparation method and the concentration of SnO₂ on the photocatalytic activities. It was found that preparative methods affected the crystalline structure of TiO₂/SnO₂ powders and the anatase phase of TiO₂ was stabilized by the addition of SnO₂ in SAM. The samples prepared by SAM showed better dispersity, larger specific surface area and the TiO₂/SnO₂ (r=0.15, SAM) catalyst showed higher photocatalytic activity than Degussa P25.     

ICP-AES内标法测定分子筛的组成

首次通过ICP-AES仪研究了分子筛化学组成全分析的方法，采用HNO3-HF混合酸密闭溶样，用H3BO3配合F^-，分别采用内标法和基体消除法消除基体效应．将研究结果与经典方法比较表明：采用本文研究的分析方法，结果准确可靠，符合分析要求，尤其对杂原子分子筛以及金属氧化物修饰的分子筛的组成分析具有应用价值．     

Ab initio molecular orbital calculations on large lattice cluster models: Use of translational symmetry

Summary Translational symmetry has been shown to be useful in the calculation of electronic structures of large lattice models. The number of unique integrals has been derived for cases of different dimensionality. For the unique integrals zero screening and approximation methods are described. The method has been applied to arrays of hydrogen atoms and to a zincblende surface model. When the size of the system is increased the translationally unique integrals are shown to become either zero or they can be calculated by simple coulombic approximations.